IRB for DNP Students

What is Coercion in Research?

• Coercion means pressure. It happens when people feel they must join a study, even if they don’t want to.
• This can make their choice not truly voluntary, which is a big problem for ethical research.

Why is Coercion a Problem?

• Research rules say participation must be free and voluntary.
• If someone feels forced, the study is not ethical and could harm trust.

Examples of Coercion in DNP Projects

• A nurse feels they have to join your survey because you’re their supervisor.
• A patient thinks their care will be worse if they say no to your study.
• Offering huge rewards (like big gift cards) that make saying “no” hard.

How to Avoid Coercion

• Make it clear: “You can say no and nothing bad will happen.”
• Use neutral language in invitations (not “We really need you to help”).
• Keep rewards reasonable (thank-you gifts are okay, but not big money).
• If you’re in a position of power (like a manager), don’t recruit your own staff.

Coercion Checklist: Am I Avoiding Pressure?

Before you start, ask yourself:

• Is participation truly voluntary?
  • People should feel free to say yes or no without fear of punishment or loss of benefits.
• Am I offering fair incentives?
  • Rewards should be reasonable (not so big that people feel they must join).
• Did I explain that saying “no” is okay?
  • ​​​​​​​Make it clear they can refuse or quit anytime without negative consequences.
• Am I avoiding power pressure?
  • ​​​​​​​If you’re their boss, teacher, or caregiver, make sure they don’t feel forced because of your role.
• Is the consent form easy to understand?
  • Use plain language, not complicated medical or legal terms.
• Did I give enough time to decide?
  • ​​​​​​​No rushing—participants should have time to think and ask questions.
• Am I avoiding emotional pressure?
  • ​​​​​​​​​​​​​​Don’t make people feel guilty or obligated to help you.